[cs_content][cs_section parallax=”false” separator_top_type=”none” separator_top_height=”50px” separator_top_angle_point=”50″ separator_bottom_type=”none” separator_bottom_height=”50px” separator_bottom_angle_point=”50″ style=”margin: 0px;padding: 45px 0px;”][cs_row inner_container=”true” marginless_columns=”false” style=”margin: 0px auto;padding: 0px;”][cs_column fade=”false” fade_animation=”in” fade_animation_offset=”45px” fade_duration=”750″ type=”1/1″ style=”padding: 0px;”][cs_text]The Acidic Environment >
Because of the prevalence and importance of acids, they have been used and studied for hundreds of years. Over time, the definitions of acid and base have been refined[/cs_text][/cs_column][/cs_row][/cs_section][cs_section parallax=”false” separator_top_type=”none” separator_top_height=”50px” separator_top_angle_point=”50″ separator_bottom_type=”none” separator_bottom_height=”50px” separator_bottom_angle_point=”50″ style=”margin: 0px;padding: 45px 0px;”][cs_row inner_container=”true” marginless_columns=”false” style=”margin: 0px auto;padding: 0px;”][cs_column fade=”false” fade_animation=”in” fade_animation_offset=”45px” fade_duration=”750″ type=”1/2″ style=”padding: 0px;”][cs_text]Students learn to:
- outline the historical development of ideas about acids including those of:
- outline the Brönsted-Lowry theory of acids and bases
- describe the relationship between an acid and its conjugate base and a base and its conjugate acid
- identify a range of salts which form acidic, basic or neutral solutions and explain their acidic, neutral or basic nature
- identify conjugate acid/base pairs
- identify amphiprotic substances and construct equations to describe their behaviour in acidic and basic solutions
- identify neutralisation as a proton transfer reaction which is exothermic
- describe the correct technique for conducting titrations and preparation of standard solutions
- qualitatively describe the effect of buffers with reference to a specific example in a natural system
[/cs_text][/cs_column][cs_column fade=”false” fade_animation=”in” fade_animation_offset=”45px” fade_duration=”750″ type=”1/2″ style=”padding: 0px;”][cs_text]Students:
- gather and process information from secondary sources to trace developments in understanding and describing acid/base reactions
- choose equipment and perform a first-hand investigation to identify the pH of a range of salt solutions
- perform a first-hand investigation and solve problems using titrations and including the preparation of standard solutions, and use available evidence to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the reaction between selected acids and bases
- perform a first-hand investigation to determine the concentration of a domestic acidic substance using computer-based technologies
- analyse information from secondary sources to assess the use of neutralisation reactions as a safety measure or to minimise damage in accidents or chemical spills
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