Hydrated Ions as Examples of a Coordination Complex

[cs_content][cs_section parallax=”false” separator_top_type=”none” separator_top_height=”50px” separator_top_angle_point=”50″ separator_bottom_type=”none” separator_bottom_height=”50px” separator_bottom_angle_point=”50″ style=”margin: 0px;padding: 45px 0px;”][cs_row inner_container=”true” marginless_columns=”false” style=”margin: 0px auto;padding: 0px;”][cs_column fade=”false” fade_animation=”in” fade_animation_offset=”45px” fade_duration=”750″ type=”1/1″ style=”padding: 0px;”][cs_text]The Chemistry of Art > 5. Complexes > Hydrated Ions as Examples of a Coordination Complex >[/cs_text][cs_text style=”color: #800000;font-family: “Oxygen”,sans-serif;”]Describe hydrated ions as examples of a coordination complex or a complex ion and identify examples[/cs_text][cs_text]

  • For many metal cations, (particularly transition metals) the water molecules bond to them
    • Via co-ordinate covalent bonds from the oxygen atom
  • Vacant orbitals in the transition metals can be filled be any molecules or anions that have a lone pair of electrons to donate

Complexes:

  • A complex ion has
    • A central metal cation
    • Surrounded by a group of anions or molecules
    • These are known as ligands
  • Compounds that contain complex ions are called coordination compounds

Ligands:

  • Examples include
    • Anions (E.g Cl– or CN–)
    • Polar molecules (E.g H2O or NH3)
  • Co-ordinate covalent bonds form between the ligands and the transition metal ion
    • Uses the lone pair electrons of the ligand

Hydrated coordinate examples:

  • Cobalt (II) Chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2.6H2O)
  • Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O)
  • Sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na2B4O7.10H2O_
  • Calcium sulphate dihydrate (CaSO4.2H2O)

[/cs_text][cs_text]How to draw the above[/cs_text][cs_text]

  • Co-ordiantes of cation will be told to you
  • Draw a Lewis dot structure of the ligands to figure out how many dentates it has (Due to electronegativeity etc)
  • Draw the negative polar end towards the centre and connect with an arrow to indicate a co-ordinate bond has taken place

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